Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Insects are fundamental to biodiversity conservation in almost all ecosystems, and their population decline, and extinction directly result from environmental impacts. These facts are aggravated by the lack of knowledge of insect biodiversity, the so-called biodiversity deficits, especially the Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls. In freshwater ecosystems, biodiversity loss is higher among aquatic insects, and caddisflies comprise one of the most vulnerable orders. In this way, research focusing on describing new caddisfly species and understanding their distribution ranges will increase knowledge of caddisfly biodiversity. In the past 14 years, the team from the Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática “Prof. Dr. Claudio Gilberto Froehlich” (LEAq, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil) and collaborators have been addressing these issues, resulting in 55 described species of caddisflies. Taxa in other insect orders have also received attention and an additional 16 species have been described (eight mayflies, four stoneflies, four neuropteran spongillaflies, and antlions). Here, eight caddisfly species are described and illustrated (Atopsyche froehlichi sp. nov., Austrotinodes zeferina sp. nov., Cernotina kariri sp. nov., Neoathripsodes froehlichi sp. nov., Notalina claudiofroehlichi sp. nov., Oecetis marcus sp. nov., Phylloicus froehlichi sp. nov., and Polycentropus claudioi sp. nov.), five of them in honor of LEAq’s patron. In addition, new distributional data are presented for 10 known species. A checklist of the caddisfly fauna of Bahia state is also presented, with 138 species, around 75% and 30% of them recorded and described by the LEAq team, respectively. Currently, for caddisflies, Bahia is the fifth most species-rich state in Brazil, and the first in the Brazilian Northeast region.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0065

A coleção de mosquitos de Antonio Gonçalves Peryassú do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro: registro de memória de um patrimônio desaparecido
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Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ricardo

; Lourenço, Francisco dos Santos

História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos

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2023, Volume 30 elocation e2023018

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Collections formed and studies conducted in the early decades of the twentieth century in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were crucial for the study of the systematization and natural history of mosquitoes in Brazil. One key figure in this context was Antonio Gonçalves Peryassú. The history of a collection he organized at Museu Nacional [National Museum] in Rio de Janeiro between 1918 and 1922 is analyzed.

Resumo As coleções e pesquisas feitas nas primeiras décadas do século XX, no Rio de Janeiro, foram fundamentais para o estudo da sistemática e da história natural dos mosquitos no Brasil. Um personagem de destaque nesse cenário foi Antonio Gonçalves Peryassú. Analisamos o histórico de uma coleção por ele organizada no Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, entre 1918 e 1922.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702023000100018

Brazilian Society for Angiology and Vascular Surgery guidelines on abdominal aortic aneurysm
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Mulatti, Grace Carvajal

; Joviliano, Edwaldo Edner

; Pereira, Adamastor Humberto

; Fioranelli, Alexandre

; Pereira, Alexandre Araújo

; Brito-Queiroz, André

; Von Ristow, Arno

; Freire, Lucas Marcelo Dias

; Ferreira, Marcelo Martins da Volta

; Lourenço, Marco

; De Luccia, Nelson

; Silveira, Pierre Galvagni

; Yoshida, Ricardo de Alvarenga

; Fidelis, Ronald José Ribeiro

; Boustany, Sharbel Mahfuz

; Araujo, Walter Junior Boim de

; Oliveira, Julio Cesar Peclat de

Jornal Vascular Brasileiro

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2023, Volume 22 elocation e20230040

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, through the Guidelines Project, presents new Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Guidelines, on the subject of care for abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. Its development prioritized descriptive guidelines, using the EMBASE, LILACS, and PubMed databases. References include randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and cohort studies. Quality of evidence was evaluated by a pair of coordinators, aided by the RoB 2 Cochrane tool and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale forms. The subjects include juxtarenal aneurysms, infected aneurysms, and new therapeutic techniques, especially endovascular procedures. The current version of the guidelines include important recommendations for the primary topics involving diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for abdominal aortic aneurysm patients, providing an objective guide for medical practice, based on scientific evidence and widely available throughout Brazil.

Resumo A Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, por meio do projeto Diretrizes, apresenta as novas Diretrizes de Aorta Abdominal, referentes aos cuidados de pacientes com aneurisma de aorta abdominal. Para sua elaboração, foram priorizadas diretrizes descritivas, utilizando as bases EMBASE, LILACS e PubMed. As referências incluem ensaios clínicos randomizados, revisões sistemáticas, metanálises e estudos de coorte. A qualidade das evidências foi examinada por uma dupla de coordenadores, com auxílio da ferramenta RoB 2 da Colaboração Cochrane e dos formulários da Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Aneurismas justarrenais, infectados e novas técnicas terapêuticas, principalmente no âmbito endovascular, estão entre os temas estudados. A versão atual das Diretrizes apresenta importantes recomendações para os principais itens que envolvem o diagnóstico, tratamento e acompanhamento de pacientes com aneurisma de aorta abdominal, oferecendo um guia objetivo para prática médica, construído a partir de evidências científicas e amplamente acessível em todo o território nacional.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.202300402

Malaria in Haiti: A descriptive study on spatial and temporal profile from 2009 to 2018
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Jules, Jean Ricardo

; Alencar, Jeronimo

; Suárez-Mutis, Martha Cecília

; Baptiste, Ernst Jn

; Albuquerque, Hermano de

; Rosa-Freitas, Maria Goreti

; Raccurt, Christian

; Oliveira, Ricardo Lourenço de

; Silva-do-Nascimento, Teresa Fernandes

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0355-2021

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Haiti is one of the Caribbean countries where malaria persists. More than 99% of malaria cases are caused by Plasmodium falciparum, the main vector being the mosquito Anopheles albimanus. In this paper, we describe the epidemiological profile of malaria in Haiti between 2009 and 2018. Methods We analyzed information on cases reported by the Ministry of Health of Haiti and the World Health Organization (WHO). Results: Between 2009 and 2018, 232,479 malaria cases were reported by the Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSPP); an increase in the incidence of malaria in the country in 2010, followed by a decrease in 2011, was primarily observed. Due to recent efforts to reduce malaria by 2020, its incidence declined from 60,130 cases in 2010 to 8,978 cases in 2018. Controversially, in terms of the number of reported cases, the MSPP and WHO report conflicting data. However, the results from both datasets present the same trend in Haiti from 2009 to 2018. The results also illustrate the endemicity of the disease throughout Haiti, both in rural and urban areas, especially along the coast. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the need to promote official data collection and analyses, as well as the application of epidemiological surveillance of malaria at the municipal level, for a better understanding of the real impact of malaria on the Haitian population and to create more appropriate interventions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0355-2021

Telemonitoramento de idosos acompanhados em domicílio: uma revisão de escopo
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Miranda Barbosa, Jaqueline Lourenço

; Consolação dos Santos, Regina

; da Costa Carbogim, Fabio

; Barbosa de Castro, Edna Aparecida

; Oliveira Coelho, Angélica da Conceição

; Bezerra Cavalcante, Ricardo

Revista Cubana de Información en Ciencias de la Salud

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2022, Volume 33 elocation e2062

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO O estudo objetivou mapear a produção de conhecimento sobre o telemonitoramento de idosos acompanhados em domicílios e identificar lacunas de pesquisas existentes. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, foram selecionados 25 artigos em literatura cinzenta e nas bases de dados: MEDLINE (acesso via PubMed), Web of Science (WoS), Literatura latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e biblioteca virtual de saúde (BVS). O estudo de escopo possibilitou mapear as principais repercussões do telemonitoramento de idosos acompanhados em domicílio. Permitiu, além disso, que pudéssemos reconhecer as principais fontes de telemonitoramento que são utilizadas pelo público. Os achados poderão contribuir para o fortalecimento do uso do telemonitoramento de idosos assistidos na comunidade, pelos benefícios na qualidade de vida e para ampliação das práticas avançadas pela enfermagem utilizando esta estratégia junto a este grupo populacional. O telemonitoramento possibilita a desospitalização, a transição de cuidados para o domicílio e reinternações precoces pela supervisão dos parâmetros de saúde e/ou doença de pacientes à distância com Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação.

ABSTRACT The study aimed to map the production of knowledge on telemonitoring of elderly people followed up in households and to identify gaps in existing research. This is a scope review, 25 articles were selected in gray literature and in the following databases: MEDLINE (access via PubMed), Web of Science (WoS), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Virtual Health Library (BVS). The scope study made it possible to map the main repercussions of telemonitoring of elderly people accompanied at home. It also allowed us to recognize the main sources of telemonitoring that are used by the public. The findings may contribute to strengthening the use of telemonitoring of elderly people assisted in the community, due to the benefits in quality of life and to the expansion of advanced nursing practices using this strategy with this population group. Telemonitoring enables de-hospitalization, the transition of care to the home and early readmissions by supervising the health and/or disease parameters of patients at a distance with Information and Communication Technologies.

RESUMEN El estudio tuvo como objetivo mapear la producción de conocimiento sobre el telemonitoreo de ancianos con seguimiento domiciliario e identificar lagunas en las investigaciones existentes. Esta es una revisión de alcance, se seleccionaron 25 artículos en literatura gris y en las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE (acceso vía PubMed), Web of Science (WoS), Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS). El estudio de alcance permitió mapear las principales repercusiones del teleseguimiento de personas mayores acompañadas en el domicilio. También nos permitió reconocer las principales fuentes de telemonitoreo que utiliza el público. Los hallazgos pueden contribuir a fortalecer el uso del telemonitoreo de ancianos asistidos en la comunidad, debido a los beneficios en la calidad de vida y a la expansión de prácticas avanzadas de enfermería utilizando esa estrategia con este grupo poblacional. La telemonitorización permite la deshospitalización, la transición de la atención al hogar y los reingresos tempranos mediante la supervisión de los parámetros de salud y/o enfermedad de los pacientes a distancia con tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.

COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches
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Figueiredo, David Livingstone Alves

; Ximenez, João Paulo Bianchi

; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira

; Panis, Carolina

; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos

; Ferrasa, Adriano

; Cecchini, Alessandra Lourenço

; Medeiros, Alexandra Ivo de

; Almeida, Ana Marisa Fusco

; Ramão, Anelisa

; Boldt, Angelica Beate Winter

; Moya, Carla Fredrichsen

; Chin, Chung Man

; Paula, Daniel de

; Rech, Daniel

; Gradia, Daniela Fiori

; Malheiros, Danielle

; Venturini, Danielle

; Tavares, Eliandro Reis

; Carraro, Emerson

; Ribeiro, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca

; Pereira, Evani Marques

; Tuon, Felipe Francisco

; Follador, Franciele Aní Caovilla

; Fernandes, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves

; Volpato, Hélito

; Cólus, Ilce Mara de Syllos

; Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho de

; Rodrigues, Jean Henrique da Silva

; Santos, Jean Leandro dos

; Visentainer, Jeane Eliete Laguila

; Brandi, Juliana Cristina

; Serpeloni, Juliana Mara

; Bonini, Juliana Sartori

; Oliveira, Karen Brajão de

; Fiorentin, Karine

; Lucio, Léia Carolina

; Faccin-Galhardi, Ligia Carla

; Ferreto, Lirane Elize Defante

; Lioni, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi

; Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine Lopes

; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo

; Arbex, Marcos Abdo

; Pileggi, Marcos

; Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara

; Costa, Maria Antônia Ramos

; Giannini, Maria José S. Mendes

; Amarante, Marla Karine

; Khalil, Najeh Maissar

; Lima Neto, Quirino Alves de

; Herai, Roberto H.

; Guembarovski, Roberta Losi

; Shinsato, Rogério N.

; Mainardes, Rubiana Mara

; Giuliatti, Silvana

; Yamada-Ogatta, Sueli Fumie

; Gerber, Viviane Knuppel de Quadros

; Pavanelli, Wander Rogério

; Silva, Weber Claudio da

; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza

; Valente, Valeria

; Soares, Christiane Pienna

; Cavalli, Luciane Regina

; Silva Jr, Wilson Araujo

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 Nº 1 elocation e20200452

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China’s Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients’ overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0452

Reemergence of human malaria in Atlantic Forest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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de Lemos, Alessandra Bittencourt

; da Silva, Onilda Santos

; Deboni, Sandra Cristina

; Schallemberger, Valdir

; dos Santos, Edmilson

; de Almeida, Marco Antônio Barreto

; Marth, Anne Andrea Dockhorn

; Silva, Sidnei

; Mello, Aline Rosa de Lavigne

; Silva-do-Nascimento, Teresa Fernandes

; Ferreira-da-Cruz, Maria de Fátima

; Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ricardo

; Cardoso, Jáder da Cruz

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2021, Volume 116 elocation e210064

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Unforeseen Plasmodium infections in the Atlantic Forest of Brazilian Extra-Amazonian region could jeopardise malaria elimination. A human malaria case was registered in Três Forquilhas, in the Atlantic Forest biome of Rio Grande do Sul, after a 45 years’ time-lapsed without any malaria autochthonous notification in this southern Brazilian state. This finding represents the expansion of the malaria distribution areas in Brazil and the southernmost human malaria case record in South America in this decade. The coexistence of the bromeliad-breeding vector Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii and non-human primates in the Atlantic Forest regularly visited by the patient claimed for the zoonotic origin of this infection. The reemergence of Atlantic Forest human malaria in Rio Grande do Sul was also discussed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760210064 124 downloads

Registro Multicêntrico de Takotsubo (REMUTA) – Aspectos Clínicos, Desfechos Intra-Hospitalares e Mortalidade a Longo Prazo
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Almeida Junior, Gustavo Luiz Gouvêa de

; Mansur Filho, João

; Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de

; Xavier, Sergio Salles

; Pontes, Álvaro

; Gouvêa, Elias Pimentel

; Martins, Alexandre Bahia Barreiras

; Nunes, Nágela S. V.

; Carestiato, Lilian Vieira

; Petriz, João Luiz Fernandes

; Santos, Armando Márcio Gonçalves

; Bandeira, Bruno Santana

; Abufaiad, Bárbara Elaine de Jesus

; Pacheco, Luciana da Camara

; Oliveira, Maurício Sales de

; Ribeiro Filho, Paulo Eduardo Campana

; Sampaio, Pedro Paulo Nogueres

; Duque, Gustavo Salgado

; Camillis, Luiz Felipe

; Marques, André Casarsa

; Lourenço Jr, Francisco Carlos

; Palazzo, José Ricardo

; Costa, Cláudio Ramos da

; Silva, Bibiana Almeida da

; Zukowski, Cleverson Neves

; Garcia, Romulo Ribeiro

; Zonis, Fernanda de Carvalho

; Paula, Suzana Andressa Morais de

; Ferrari, Carolina Gravano Ferraz

; Rangel, Bruno Soares da Silva

; Ferreira, Roberto Muniz

; Mendes, Bárbara Ferreira da Silva

; Castro, Isabela Ribeiro Carvalho de

; Souza, Leonardo Giglio Gonçalves de

; Araújo, Luiz Henrique dos Santos

; Giani, Alexandre

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Ago 2020, Volume 115 Nº 2 Páginas 207 - 216

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento A síndrome de takotsubo (takotsubo) é uma forma de cardiomiopatia adquirida. Dados nacionais sobre essa condição são escassos. O Registro REMUTA é o primeiro a incluir dados multicêntricos dessa condição no nosso país. Objetivo Descrever as características clínicas, prognóstico, tratamento intra-hospitalar e mortalidade hospitalar e em 1 ano de seguimento. Métodos Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, tipo registro. Incluídos pacientes internados com diagnóstico de takotsubo ou que desenvolveram esta condição durante internação por outra causa. Os desfechos avaliados incluíram fator desencadeador, análise dos exames, uso de medicações, complicações e óbito intra-hospitalar e em 1 ano de seguimento. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados Foram incluídos 169 pacientes, em 12 centros no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A idade média foi de 70,9 ± 14,1 anos e 90,5% eram do sexo feminino; 63% dos casos foram de takotsubo primário e 37% secundário. Troponina I foi positiva em 92,5% dos pacientes e a mediana de BNP foi de 395 (176,5; 1725). Supradesnivelamento do segmento ST esteve presente em 28% dos pacientes. A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo teve mediana de 40 (35; 48)%. Observamos taxa de 25,7% de ventilação mecânica invasiva e 17,4% de choque. Suporte circulatório mecânico foi utilizado em 7,7%. A mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi de 10,6% e a mortalidade ao final de 1 ano foi de 16,5%. Takotsubo secundário e choque cardiogênico foram preditores independentes de mortalidade. Conclusão Os resultados do REMUTA mostram que takotsubo não se trata de patologia benigna como se pensava, especialmente no grupo de takotsubo secundário que acarreta elevada taxa de complicações e de mortalidade. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(2):207-216)

Abstract Background Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acquired form of cardiomyopathy. National Brazilian data on this condition are scarce. The Takotsubo Multicenter Registry (REMUTA) is the first to include multicenter data on this condition in Brazil. Objective To describe the clinical characteristics, prognosis, in-hospital treatment, in-hospital mortality, and mortality during 1 year of follow-up. Methods This is an observational, retrospective registry study including patients admitted to the hospital with diagnosis of TTS and patients admitted for other reasons who developed this condition. Evaluated outcomes included triggering factor, analysis of exams, use of medications, complications, in-hospital mortality, and mortality during 1 year of follow-up. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results The registry included 169 patients from 12 centers in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mean age was 70.9 ± 14.1 years, and 90.5% of patients were female; 63% of cases were primary TTS, and 37% were secondary. Troponin I was positive in 92.5% of patients, and median BNP was 395 (176.5; 1725). ST-segment elevation was present in 28% of patients. Median left ventricular ejection fraction was 40 (35; 48)%. We observed invasive mechanical ventilation in 25.7% of cases and shock in 17.4%. Mechanical circulatory support was used in 7.7%. In-hospital mortality was 10.6%, and mortality at 1 year of follow-up was 16.5%. Secondary TTS and cardiogenic shock were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion The results of the REMUTA show that TTS is not a benign pathology, as was once thought, especially regarding the secondary TTS group, which has a high rate of complications and mortality. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(2):207-216)

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190166 1217 downloads

The geometry of the lactation curve based on Wood's equation: a two-step prediction
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Oliveira, Jhone Gleison de

; Sant'Anna, Daniel Furtado Dardengo

; Lourenço, Matheus Celestiano

; Tavares, Davi Simões Tavares

; Rodrigues, Marcelo Teixeira

; Tedeschi, Luis Orlindo

; Vieira, Ricardo Augusto Mendonça

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2020, Volume 49 elocation e20200023

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Lactation records from cows of the southwestern Paraná state, Brazil, form the dataset of this study. We applied the information-theoretic approach to evaluate the ability of the nonlinear Wood, Brody, Dijkstra, and Gamma functions to fit to these data by employing a two-step technique based on nonlinear mixed-effects models and generalized linear mixed-effects models. Wood's equation was fitted with the combination of a first-order autoregressive correlation structure and a variance function to account for heteroscedasticity. This version was the best choice to mimic lactation records. Some geometric attributes of Wood's model were deduced, mainly the ascending specific rate from parturition to peak milk yield and the descending specific rate as a measure of the lactation persistence of the milk yield at peak production. Breed and parity order of the cows were assumed as fixed effects to obtain a reliable model fitting process. Regardless of breed, first-order parity cows had greater persistency than their older counterparts, and the greater the ascending rate of milk yield from the parturition to the peak, the sharper the decrease in milk yield post-peak; therefore, the rates (absolute values) of ascending and descending phases correlated positively. Nonetheless, the actual estimated values of the descending phase rates are negative. Wood's equation was flexible enough to mimic either concave- and convex-shaped lactation profiles. The correlations between both peak milk yield and random estimates for β with total milk yield per lactation were positive. However, peak milk yield might not be the only variable used for ranking cows; the total milk yield integrates all information of the lactation profile through the estimated parameters of Wood's equation.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz4920200023 362 downloads

10.

Seasonal population dynamics of the primary yellow fever vector Haemagogus leucocelaenus (Dyar & Shannon) (Diptera: Culicidae) is mainly influenced by temperature in the Atlantic Forest, southeast Brazil
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Couto-Lima, Dinair

; Andreazzi, Cecilia S

; Leite, Paulo José

; Bersot, Maria Ignez Lima

; Alencar, Jeronimo

; Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ricardo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2020, Volume 115 elocation e200218

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Southeast Brazil has recently experienced a Yellow Fever virus (YFV) outbreak where the mosquito Haemagogus leucocelaenus was a primary vector. Climatic factors influence the abundance of mosquito vectors and arbovirus transmission. OBJECTIVES We aimed at describing the population dynamics of Hg. leucocelaenus in a county touched by the recent YFV outbreak. METHODS Fortnightly egg collections with ovitraps were performed from November 2012 to February 2017 in a forest in Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The effects of mean temperature and rainfall on the Hg. leucocelaenus population dynamics were explored. FINDINGS Hg. leucocelaenus eggs were continuously collected throughout the study, with a peak in the warmer months (December-March). The climatic variables had a time-lagged effect and four weeks before sampling was the best predictor for the positivity of ovitraps and total number of eggs collected. The probability of finding > 50% positive ovitraps increased when the mean temperature was above 24ºC. The number of Hg. leucocelaenus eggs expressively increase when the mean temperature and accumulated precipitation surpassed 27ºC and 100 mm, respectively, although the effect of rainfall was less pronounced. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Monitoring population dynamics of Hg. leucocelaenus and climatic factors in YFV risk areas, especially mean temperature, may assist in developing climate-based surveillance procedures to timely strengthening prophylaxis and control.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760200218 854 downloads

11.

Combination of surveillance tools reveals that Yellow Fever virus can remain in the same Atlantic Forest area at least for three transmission seasons
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Abreu, Filipe Vieira Santos de

; Delatorre, Edson

; dos Santos, Alexandre Araújo Cunha

; Ferreira-de-Brito, Anielly

; de Castro, Márcia Gonçalves

; Ribeiro, Ieda Pereira

; Furtado, Nathália Dias

; Vargas, Waldemir Paixão

; Ribeiro, Mário Sérgio

; Meneguete, Patrícia

; Bonaldo, Myrna Cristina

; Bello, Gonzalo

; Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ricardo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2019, Volume 114 elocation e190076

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND In Brazil, the Yellow Fever virus (YFV) is endemic in the Amazon, from where it eventually expands into epidemic waves. Coastal south-eastern (SE) Brazil, which has been a YFV-free region for eight decades, has reported a severe sylvatic outbreak since 2016. The virus spread from the north toward the south of the Rio de Janeiro (RJ) state, causing 307 human cases with 105 deaths during the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 transmission seasons. It is unclear, however, whether the YFV would persist in the coastal Atlantic Forest of RJ during subsequent transmission seasons. OBJECTIVES To conduct a real-time surveillance and assess the potential persistence of YFV in the coastal Atlantic Forest of RJ during the 2018-2019 transmission season. METHODS We combined epizootic surveillance with fast diagnostic and molecular, phylogenetic, and evolutionary analyses. FINDINGS Using this integrative strategy, we detected the first evidence of YFV re-emergence in the third transmission season (2018-2019) in a dying howler monkey from the central region of the RJ state. The YFV detected in 2019 has the molecular signature associated with the current SE YFV outbreak and exhibited a close phylogenetic relationship with the YFV lineage that circulated in the same Atlantic Forest fragment during the past seasons. This lineage circulated along the coastal side of the Serra do Mar mountain chain, and its evolution seems to be mainly driven by genetic drift. The potential bridge vector Aedes albopictus was found probing on the recently dead howler monkey in the forest edge, very close to urban areas. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data revealed that YFV transmission persisted at the same Atlantic Forest area for at least three consecutive transmission seasons without the need of new introductions. Our real-time surveillance strategy permitted health authorities to take preventive actions within 48 h after the detection of the sick non-human primate. The local virus persistence and the proximity of the epizootic forest to urban areas reinforces the concern with regards to the risk of re-urbanisation and seasonal re-emergence of YFV, stressing the need for continuous effective surveillance and high vaccination coverage in the SE region, particularly in RJ, an important tourist location.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760190076 1801 downloads

12.

Nem santa, nem puta, apenas mulher: a feminização do HIV/aids e a experiência de soropositividade
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Lourenço, Gilclécia Oliveira

; Amazonas, Maria Cristina Lopes de Almeida

; Lima, Ricardo Delgado Marques de

Sexualidad, Salud y Sociedad (Rio de Janeiro)

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Dez 2018, Nº 30 Páginas 262 - 281

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Este estudo objetivou problematizar como as dimensões socio-históricas de gênero e os elementos discursivos das sexualidades se correlacionam com as vivências de mulheres soropositivas em relação ao vírus HIV. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo de abordagem qualitativa em que foram entrevistadas, individualmente, dez mulheres soropositivas. O diagnóstico dessas mulheres aponta para a fragilidade da relação conjugal, desvela o mito do amor ideal e enfatiza a relação de desigualdade estabelecida entre os gêneros. Conclui-se que o grupo social das mulheres, devido à iniquidade de gênero, ainda é socialmente mais vulnerável ao acometimento do vírus.

Abstract This study inquires how socio-historical dimensions of gender and the discursive elements of sexualities correlate with the experiences of HIV-positive women. This is a field research with a qualitative approach in which ten HIV-positive women were interviewed individually. The diagnosis of these women points to the fragility of the conjugal relationship, reveals the myth of idealized love and emphasizes the relation of inequality established between the genders. It is concluded that women as a social group, due to gender inequity, are still more vulnerable socially to the epidemic.

Resumen Este estudio problematiza el cómo las dimensiones socio-históricas de género y los elementos discursivos de las sexualidades se correlacionan con las vivencias de mujeres seropositivas con relación al virus VIH. Se trata de una investigación de campo de abordaje cualitativo, en la que se entrevistaron individualmente a diez mujeres seropositivas. El diagnóstico de esas mujeres apunta a la fragilidad de la relación conyugal, desvela el mito del amor ideal y enfatiza la relación de desigualdad establecida entre los géneros. Se concluye que el grupo social de las mujeres, debido a la iniquidad de género, sigue siendo socialmente más vulnerable al acometimiento del virus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-6487.sess.2018.30.13.a 3905 downloads

13.

Anophelines species and the receptivity and vulnerability to malaria transmission in the Pantanal wetlands, Central Brazil
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Marinho-e-Silva, Mariana

; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb

; Rosa-Freitas, Maria Goreti

; Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ricardo

; Silva-do-Nascimento, Teresa Fernandes

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Fev 2018, Volume 113 Nº 2 Páginas 87 - 95

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Studies on malaria vectors in the Pantanal biome, Central Brazil, were conducted more than half a century ago. OBJECTIVES To update anopheline records and assess receptivity and vulnerability to malaria transmission. METHODS Five-day anopheline collections were conducted bimonthly in Salobra, Mato Grosso do Sul state, for one year. Indoors, mosquitoes were collected from their resting places, while in open fields, they were captured using protected human-baited and horse-baited traps near the house and at the Miranda River margin, respectively. Hourly biting activity outdoors was also assessed. Secondary data were collected on the arrival of tourists, economic projects, and malaria cases. FINDINGS A total of 24,894 anophelines belonging to 13 species were caught. The main Brazilian malaria vector Anopheles darlingi was the predominant species, followed by An. triannulatus s.l. Hourly variation in anopheline biting showed three main peaks occurring at sunset, around midnight, and at sunrise, the first and last being the most prominent. The highest density of all species was recorded near the river margin and during the transition period between the rainy and early dry seasons. This coincides with the time of main influx of outsider workers and tourists, whose activities mostly occur in the open fields and frequently start before sunrise and last until sunset. Some of these individuals originate from neighbouring malaria-endemic countries and states, and are likely responsible for the recorded imported and introduced malaria cases. MAIN CONCLUSION Pantanal is a malaria-prone area in Brazil. Surveillance and anopheline control measures must be applied to avoid malaria re-emergence in the region.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760170175 1772 downloads

14.

Urgent call for action: avoiding spread and re-urbanisation of yellow fever in Brazil
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Possas, Cristina

; Martins, Reinaldo Menezes

; Oliveira, Ricardo Lourenço de

; Homma, Akira

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Jan 2018, Volume 113 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 2

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760170361 1539 downloads

15.

Zika infection decreases Aedes aegypti locomotor activity but does not influence egg production or viability
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Padilha, Karine Pedreira

; Resck, Maria Eduarda Barreto

; Cunha, Octávio Augusto Talyuli da

; Teles-de-Freitas, Rayane

; Campos, Stéphanie Silva

; Sorgine, Marcos Henrique Ferreira

; Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ricardo

; Farnesi, Luana Cristina

; Bruno, Rafaela Vieira

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2018, Volume 113 Nº 10 elocation e180290

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Zika has emerged as a new public health threat after the explosive epidemic in Brazil in 2015. It is an arbovirus transmitted mainly by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The knowledge of physiological, behavioural and biological features in virus-infected vectors may help the understanding of arbovirus transmission dynamics and elucidate their influence in vector capacity. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the effects of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in the behaviour of Ae. aegypti females by analysing the locomotor activity, egg production and viability. METHODOLOGY Ae. aegypti females were orally infected with ZIKV through an artificial feeder to access egg production, egg viability and locomotor activity. For egg production and viability assays, females were kept in cages containing an artificial site for oviposition and eggs were counted. Locomotor activity assays were performed in activity monitors and an average of 5th, 6th and 7th days after infective feeding was calculated. FINDINGS No significant difference in the number of eggs laid per females neither in their viability were found between ZIKV infected and non-infected females, regardless the tested pair of mosquito population and virus strain and the gonotrophic cycles. Locomotor activity assays were performed regardless of the locomotor activity in ZIKV infected females was observed, in both LD and DD conditions. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The lower locomotor activity may reduce the mobility of the mosquitoes and may explain case clustering within households reported during Zika outbreaks such as in Rio de Janeiro 2015. Nevertheless, the mosquitoes infected with ZIKV are still able to disseminate and to transmit the disease, especially in places where there are many oviposition sites.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760180290 1337 downloads

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